A quick reference guide to the most commonly used Git commands.
Repository Setup
| Command | Description |
|---|
git init | Initialize a new Git repository locally. |
git clone <repo-url> | Clone a remote repository to your local machine. |
Working with Changes
| Command | Description |
|---|
git status | Check the status of changes in the working directory. |
git add <file> | Stage a specific file for commit. |
git add . | Stage all changes. |
git commit -m "message" | Commit staged changes with a descriptive message. |
git log | View commit history. |
git diff | Show changes between working directory and last commit. |
Working with Remote Repositories
| Command | Description |
|---|
git remote add origin <repo-url> | Connect a local repository to a remote one. |
git push origin main | Push changes to the main branch of the remote repository. |
git pull origin main | Fetch and merge changes from the remote repository. |
git fetch | Retrieve changes from the remote repository without merging. |
Branching and Merging
| Command | Description |
|---|
git branch | List all branches. |
git branch <branch-name> | Create a new branch. |
git checkout <branch-name> | Switch to an existing branch. |
git checkout -b <branch-name> | Create and switch to a new branch. |
git merge <branch-name> | Merge changes from another branch into the current branch. |
git rebase <branch-name> | Reapply commits on top of another base branch. |
Undoing Changes
| Command | Description |
|---|
git reset --soft <commit-hash> | Reset to a previous commit but keep changes staged. |
git reset --hard <commit-hash> | Reset to a previous commit and discard all changes. |
git revert <commit-hash> | Undo a commit by creating a new commit that reverses it. |
git checkout -- <file> | Discard local changes to a specific file. |
Other Useful Commands
| Command | Description |
|---|
git stash | Temporarily save changes without committing. |
git stash pop | Reapply stashed changes. |
git tag <tag-name> | Create a tag for a specific commit. |
git show <commit-hash> | Display detailed information about a commit. |
For more advanced Git usage, refer to the official documentation: Git Documentation.